Nama Lengkap : Dr. Meirina Gartika., drg., SpKGA (K)., subspe PKOA

E-mail : [email protected]

Bidang Keahlian : Penyakit Kelainan Oral Anak

Prodi S3 Calon Mahasiswa: Program Doktor Ilmu Kedoteran Gigi

Judul Penelitian yang Ditawarkan:

POTENSI SENYAWA AKTIF BAHAN ALAM PADA PENCEGAHAN KARIES GIGI ANAK

THE POTENTIAL OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN NATURAL PRODUCTS TO PREVENT DENTAL CARIES IN CHILDREN

 

Abstrak:

Hampir sebagian besar orang terutama anak-anak pernah mengalami karies gigi. Salah satu etiologinya adalah bakteri, terutama Streptococcus mutans yang memiliki faktor virulensi. Pencegahan karies dapat dilakukan melalui inaktivasi sistem quorum sensing (luxS, vicR), transduksi dua komponen (spaP), molecular chaperones protein (groEL, dnaK) maupun pencegahan pembentukan biofilm (relA, brpA, Smu0630) atau sintesis eksopolisakarida (gtfB, gtfC, gbpB, ftf) dan sebagainya. Kebanyakan penelitian dilakukan pada efek penghambatan sintesis glukan atau pertumbuhan dan metabolisme bakteri, tidak pada aspek patofisiologi karies. Akhir-akhir ini, penggunaan obat-obatan yang berasal dari bahan alam telah berkembang cepat sebagai alternatif bahan pencegah karies. Bahan alam yang memiliki efek antikaries dapat diperoleh dari makanan, minuman, bunga atau herbal tradisional. Bahan alam kaya akan berbagai metabolit sekunder seperti senyawa polifenol, flavonoid, tanin, terpenoid, steroid, dan alkaloid yang memiliki efek antimikroba, tetapi memiliki efek samping yang minimal. Di masa depan diperlukan usaha untuk melakukan penelitian secara in vitro pada berbagai bahan alam dan hewan percobaan sehingga didapat bahan pencegah karies melalui teknologi tingkat tinggi yang dapat diterapkan pada manusia.  

Abstract:

Most people, especially children, have experienced dental caries. One of the etiologies is bacteria, specifically Streptococcus mutans that has virulence factors. Caries prevention can be done through inactivation of the quorum sensing system (luxS, vicR), two-component transduction (spaP), molecular chaperones protein (groEL, dnaK) as well as prevention of biofilm formation (relA, brpA, Smu0630) or exopolysaccharide synthesis (gtfB, gtfC, gbpB, ftf) and so on. Most studies have been conducted on the inhibitory effect of glucan synthesis or bacterial growth and metabolism rather than on the pathophysiological aspects of caries. Lately, the use of medicines derived from natural products has developed rapidly as an alternative to prevent caries. Natural products that have an anti-caries effect can be obtained from foods, drinks, flowers or traditional herbs. Natural products are rich in various secondary metabolites, such as polyphenolic compounds, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids which have antimicrobial effects, but have minimal side effects. In the future, efforts are needed to conduct in vitro research on various natural materials and experimental animals, so that caries prevention materials can be acquired through high-level technology which can be applied to humans.